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history
word designators
history
substitution
event
designators
A ‘:’ (colon) separates the
event specification from the word designator. It can be omitted if the
word designator begins with a ^, $, *, - or %.
If the word is to be selected
from the previous command, the second ! character can be omitted from the
event specification.
For instance, !!:1 and !:1
both refer to the first word of the previous command, while !!$ and !$
both refer to the last word in the previous command.
Word designators include:
| Word
Designator |
Description |
| # |
The
entire command line typed so far. |
| 0 |
The
first input word (command). |
| n |
The
n’th argument. |
| ^ |
The
first argument, that is, 1. |
| $ |
The
last argument. |
| % |
The
word matched by (the most recent) ?s search. |
| x-y |
A
range of words; -y abbreviates 0-y. |
| ? |
All
the arguments, or a null value if there is just one word in the event. |
| x* |
Abbreviates
x-$. |
| x- |
Like
x* but omitting word $. |
After the optional word designator,
you can add one of the following modifiers, preceded by a :.
| Modifier |
Description |
| h |
Remove
a trailing pathname component, leaving the head. |
| r |
Remove
a trailing suffix of the form ‘.xxx’, leaving the basename. |
| e |
Remove
all but the suffix, leaving the Extension. |
| s/l/r/ |
Substitute
r for l. |
| t |
Remove
all leading pathname components, leaving the tail. |
| & |
Repeat
the previous substitution. |
| g |
Apply
the change to the first occurrence of a match in each word, by prefixing
the above (for example, g&). |
| p |
Print
the new command but do not execute it. |
| q |
Quote
the substituted words, escaping further substitutions. |
| x |
Like
q, but break into words at each space character, tab or newline. |
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